ALTHOUGH three centuries have elapsed since cinchona bark was introduced into European ... a century since the last of the four alkaloids—quinine, quinidine, cinchonine, and cinchonidine ...

Only a few species had bark with a high yield of quinine, but these were not easy to identify, as trees of the same species varied morphologically in different ecological conditions and hybrids ...

A laborer scrapes the bark from a cinchona tree. The bark is then sundried and pulverized to make the drug quinine. The story behind the chance discovery of the anti-malarial drug quinine may be ...

Pennsylvania's favorite soda, birch beer, has a love-it-or-hate-it reputation due to its potent and distinct taste. But is it ...

Quinine in the blood kills the plasmodium in the blood. The Dutch monopoly is important because 95% of the cinchona bark from which quinine is refined comes from Java and other oriental Dutch ...