Participants chose between a high-effort option (more effort for a larger reward) and a no-effort option (no effort for a smaller reward). ISI = interstimulus interval; ITI = intertrial interval.

1 Sorbonne University, CNRS, INSERM, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Paris, France 2 Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), ...

Ongoing brain activity has been observed since the earliest neurophysiological recordings and is found over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. It is characterized by remarkably large ...